By Cynthia Golomb, MD
I often get questions about brown spots or lentigos (also known as lentigines). A lentigo is a pigmented or raised spot with well-defined edges. Most are benign, but they can occasionally transform into lentigo maligna melanoma. A board certified dermatologist can identify what type of lentigines you may have.
Lentigos, especially solar lentigos, are typically associated with chronic sun exposure, but sometimes lentigos appear with age and without sun exposure. Here’s a breakdown of why that happens due to intrinsic aging (or chronological aging). As skin ages, the cells that produce pigment become impaired, even without exposure to ultraviolet light. There are increased numbers of these cells, known as melanocytes, and irregular pigment distribution. Old keratinocytes, which are the cells of the epidermis, may also secrete signals that abnormally stimulate melanocytes. Cumulative damage to our DNA and proteins from oxidative stress, not necessarily induced by ultraviolet light, can lead to areas of pigmentation.
Aging also leads to a decline in cellular function, resulting in an increase of unstable molecules that may damage DNA, RNA and proteins. These unstable molecules can stimulate pigment production by increasing enzymes like tyrosinase, which produce pigment even in the absence of sunlight. Hormonal and metabolic factors can also lead to inflammation, which can alter melanocyte behavior. Another factor, inflammaging, is the chronic inflammation associated with aging.
While most lentigines in older adults are caused by chronic sun exposure, a subset of lentigines can result from aging or genetic factors. At Dermatology Boutique, we offer a range of treatments to help improve discoloration and lighten lentigos caused by intrinsic and extrinsic aging. These procedures include chemical peels, antioxidants, retinoids, microneedling and lasers. Some of our best results are seen on the face, hands and arms after combining BBL HERO and LaseMD Ultra treatments. We call it the dynamic duo.
If you are in the Hallandale Beach, Aventura, Sunny Isles Beach, Pembroke Pines and Hollywood, FL areas, I am happy to offer my guidance as a triple-board-certified dermatologist. I can help you determine the best treatment to lighten or erase your lentigo. I invite you to book your appointment online today!
